The University of Pennsylvania (commonly referred to as Penn) is a private university, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Mythologie Grecque et Romaine (French Edition) (French) Paperback – Large Print, July 31, 2017 by Pierre Commelin (Author) 4.0 out of 5 stars 86 ratings This week’s readings give us a chance to look closely at Greek religion in its various guises. 16 avr. [15]:15 Greeks regarded mythology as a part of their history. [73]:12 The question of Greek mythology's place in Indo-European studies has generated much scholarship since Müller's time. Her Roman counterpart is Ceres. Images existed on pottery and religious artwork that were interpreted and more likely, misinterpreted in many diverse myths and tales. Quiz: Complete the quiz by the end of the week. [9]:xii Herodotus in particular, searched the various traditions presented him and found the historical or mythological roots in the confrontation between Greece and the East. Readings: Homer, Odyssey, books 1-8. As a gift to Celeus, because of his hospitality, Demeter planned to make his son Demophon a god, but she was unable to complete the ritual because his mother Metanira walked in and saw her son in the fire and screamed in fright, which angered Demeter, who lamented that foolish mortals do not understand the concept and ritual. [34]:50 The story of the arrival of Dionysus to establish his cult in Thrace was also the subject of an Aeschylean trilogy. In Euripides’ Bacchae, the identity of gods and mortals is under scrutiny. Stoics presented explanations of the gods and heroes as physical phenomena, while the Euhemerists rationalized them as historical figures. 2005. Yes, Coursera provides financial aid to learners who cannot afford the fee. This poem presents the beginning of the world as a time of fierce struggle and violence as the universe begins to take shape, and order, out of chaos. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. In Euripides’ Bacchae, the identity of gods and mortals is under scrutiny. Are there required readings for this course? For example, philologist Georges Dumézil draws a comparison between the Greek Uranus and the Sanskrit Varuna, although there is no hint that he believes them to be originally connected. This portion of the Odyssey features unforgettable monsters and exotic witches; we also follow Odysseus into the Underworld, where he meets shades of comrades and relatives. These preservers of myth include Arnobius, Hesychius, the author of the Suda, John Tzetzes, and Eustathius. (Chicago) 1986. Demeter was the second child of Kronos, the Titan King of Mount Othrys, and his sister-wife, Rhea. Reset deadlines in accordance to your schedule. [12], The discovery of the Mycenaean civilization by the German amateur archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann in the nineteenth century, and the discovery of the Minoan civilization in Crete by the British archaeologist Arthur Evans in the twentieth century, helped to explain many existing questions about Homer's epics and provided archaeological evidence for many of the mythological details about gods and heroes. [60]:89 Greek mythographer Euhemerus established the tradition of seeking an actual historical basis for mythical beings and events. This first week we’ll introduce the class, paying attention to how the course itself works. Here we encounter some of the best-known stories to survive from all of ancient myth. (Chicago), • Hesiod, Theogony and Works and Days, M. L. West, trans. • Hesiod, Theogony and Works and Days, M. L. West, trans. [26]:147 A silence would have been expected about religious rites and beliefs, however, and that nature of the culture would not have been reported by members of the society while the beliefs were held. Each god descends from his or her own genealogy, pursues differing interests, has a certain area of expertise, and is governed by a unique personality; however, these descriptions arise from a multiplicity of archaic local variants, which do not always agree with one another. Add interesting content and earn coins. [72][73]:9 Tylor's procedure of drawing together material culture, ritual and myth of widely separated cultures influenced both Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell. Despite their traditional name, the "Homeric Hymns" have no direct connection with Homer. 2000. Quiz: Complete the quiz by the end of the week. [19]:24, The widespread adoption of Christianity did not curb the popularity of the myths. leevan1207 Actually, I read that Helios was the sun god but the romans just put Apollo as the sun god. Mythical narration plays an important role in nearly every genre of Greek literature. Video Lectures: 10.1-10.9. [23], Zeus was plagued by the same concern, and after a prophecy that the offspring of his first wife, Metis, would give birth to a god "greater than he", Zeus swallowed her. Topics Mythology, Greek, Mythology, Roman Publisher Paris : Ernest Thorin Collection microfilm; additional_collections Contributor University of Chicago Language French. mythologie grecque. 4 mars 2018 - Explorez le tableau « Pluton ᾍδης » de Chevalier retrouvé, auquel 121 utilisateurs de Pinterest sont abonnés. Jung, by contrast, considers the identification of archetypes merely the first step in the interpretation of a myth. In Ancient Roman times, a new Roman mythology was born through syncretization of numerous Greek and other foreign gods. Nearly every member of the next generation of heroes, as well as Heracles, went with Jason in the ship Argo to fetch the Golden Fleece. Online Degrees and Mastertrack™ Certificates on Coursera provide the opportunity to earn university credit. Moving ahead several centuries, we jump into a different part of the Mediterranean to let the Romans give us their take on myth. Readings: Vergil, Aeneid, book 6; Ovid, Metamorphoses, books 3, 12, and 13. Voir plus d'idées sur le thème Mythologie grecque, Mythologie, Art grec. How can we begin to define "myth"? [3] These visual representations of myths are important for two reasons. [29] In order to honor the Ancient Greek pantheon, poets composed the Homeric Hymns (a group of thirty-three songs). 1.6 Trojan War Aftermath and The Homer Question, 5.2 Hesiod and Ancient Near East Connections, Homeric Hymn to Apollo, Homeric Hymn to Demeter, Aeschylus, Agamemnon; Aeschylus, Eumenides, Sophocles, Oedipus Rex; Euripides, Bacchae, Further Readings: Aeneas Before the Aeneid, 10.8 The Fall of Troy and the Founding of Rome, Vergil, Aeneid, book 6; Ovid, Metamorphoses, books 3, 12, 13, Quiz 10: Roman Myth and Ovid's Metamorphoses, Subtitles: French, Portuguese (Brazilian), Chinese (Simplified), Russian, English, Spanish, Romanian. Claude Lévi-Strauss and other structuralists have compared the formal relations and patterns in myths throughout the world. La mythologie grecque, c'est-à-dire l'ensemble organisé des mythes provenant de la Grèce antique, se développe au cours d'une très longue période allant de la civilisation mycénienne jusqu'à la domination romaine. The Theogony, or "birth of the gods," tells of an older order of gods, before Zeus, who were driven by powerful passions—and strange appetites! Mythologie grecque. Myths are also preserved in the Homeric Hymns, in fragments of epic poems of the Epic Cycle, in lyric poems, in the works of the tragedians and comedians of the fifth century BC, in writings of scholars and poets of the Hellenistic Age, and in texts from the time of the Roman Empire by writers such as Plutarch and Pausanias. Among the principal Greek gods were the Olympians, residing on Mount Olympus under the eye of Zeus. Again, these texts are not required, but they are helpful. These stories concern the origin and nature of the world, the lives and activities of deities, heroes, and mythological creatures, and the origins and significance of the ancient Greeks' own cult and ritual practices. But I should make to him a just reply: "You do not speak well, Sir, if you think a man in whom there is even a little merit ought to consider danger of life or death, and not rather regard this only, when he does things, whether the things he does are right or wrong and the acts of a good or a bad man. "The Religion of Eleusis" in, Papadopoulou, Thalia. [3], In Northern Europe, Greek mythology never took the same hold of the visual arts, but its effect was very obvious on literature. Unlike Odysseus’ eventual joyful reunion with his wife and children, this hero is betrayed by those he considered closest to him. These races or ages are separate creations of the gods, the Golden Age belonging to the reign of Cronos, the subsequent races to the creation of Zeus. Video Lectures: 9.1-9.10 Readings: Homer, Odyssey, books 9-16. "[33]:291 An anonymous papyrus fragment, dated to the third century, vividly portrays Dionysus' punishment of the king of Thrace, Lycurgus, whose recognition of the new god came too late, resulting in horrific penalties that extended into the afterlife. This generation also included Theseus, who went to Crete to slay the Minotaur; Atalanta, the female heroine, and Meleager, who once had an epic cycle of his own to rival the Iliad and Odyssey. Hesiod was generally considered the only poet who could rival Homer. Out of the void emerged Gaia (the Earth) and some other primary divine beings: Eros (Love), the Abyss (the Tartarus), and the Erebus. "[18]:11, After the rise of the hero cult, gods and heroes constitute the sacral sphere and are invoked together in oaths and prayers which are addressed to them. [39][40]:340, Some scholars believe[40]:10 that behind Heracles' complicated mythology there was probably a real man, perhaps a chieftain-vassal of the kingdom of Argos. [19]:205 Burkert (2002) notes that "the roster of heroes, again in contrast to the gods, is never given fixed and final form. There are indications that Plato was familiar with some version of the Orphic theogony. Their rise to dominance is frequently called the "Dorian invasion". [35]:28 In another tragedy, Euripides' The Bacchae, the king of Thebes, Pentheus, is punished by Dionysus, because he disrespected the god and spied on his Maenads, the female worshippers of the god. We will take a close look at the most authoritative story on the origin of the cosmos from Greek antiquity: Hesiod’s Theogony. Readings: Homeric Hymn to Apollo; Homeric Hymn to Demeter (there are two hymns to each that survive, only the LONGER Hymn to Apollo and the LONGER Hymn to Demeter are required for the course). [18]:11 While self-contradictions in these stories make an absolute timeline impossible, an approximate chronology may be discerned. There are no required texts for the course, however, Professor Struck will make reference to the following texts in the lecture: • Greek Tragedies, Volume 1, David Grene and Richmond Lattimore, trans. Along the way, we’ll examine questions of heroism, relationships between gods and mortals, family dynamics, and the Homeric values of hospitality and resourcefulness. (Penguin), • Virgil, The Aeneid, Robert Fitzgerald, trans. [28]:20ff Some gods, such as Apollo and Dionysus, revealed complex personalities and mixtures of functions, while others, such as Hestia (literally "hearth") and Helios (literally "sun"), were little more than personifications. [9]:10 The most widely accepted version at the time, although a philosophical account of the beginning of things, is reported by Hesiod, in his Theogony. This unit looks at one of the most famously thorny issues of justice in all of the ancient world. Video Lectures: 6.1-6.7 According to Walter Burkert, the defining characteristic of Greek anthropomorphism is that "the Greek gods are persons, not abstractions, ideas or concepts. Please select Ok … There are also possible parallels between the earliest divine generations (Chaos and its children) and Tiamat in the Enuma Elish. [20] In Metamorphoses, Ovid follows Hesiod's concept of the four ages.[21]. [3][88] Although during the Enlightenment of the 18th century reaction against Greek myth spread throughout Europe, the myths continued to provide an important source of raw material for dramatists, including those who wrote the libretti for many of Handel's and Mozart's operas. [17]:54 Alexandrian poets at first, then more generally literary mythographers in the early Roman Empire, often re-adapted stories of Greek mythological characters in this fashion. (Vintage), • Ovid, Metamorphoses, David Raeburn, trans. Visit the Learner Help Center. [3] According to Jung, "myth-forming structural elements must be present in the unconscious psyche. Readings: Vergil, Aeneid, books 1-5. Although many poets tried to rewrite Homer for their own times, no one succeeded quite like Vergil. The hero’s journeys abroad and as he re-enters his homeland are fraught with perils. Hesiod was generally considered the only poet who could rival Homer. This includes the doings of Atreus and Thyestes at Argos. The myth of Oedipus is one of transgressions—intentional and unintentional—and about the limits of human knowledge. We’ll also begin to think about the topic at hand: myth! We will read two of the greatest hymns to Olympian deities that tell up-close-and-personal stories about the gods while providing intricate descriptions of the rituals they like us humans to perform. What counts as a just action, and what counts as an unjust one? Jason loses a sandal in a river, arrives at the court of Pelias, and the epic is set in motion. Vase paintings demonstrate the unparalleled popularity of Heracles, his fight with the lion being depicted many hundreds of times. [8]:38, Tales of love often involve incest, or the seduction or rape of a mortal woman by a male god, resulting in heroic offspring. Hyllus, the eponymous hero of one Dorian phyle, became the son of Heracles and one of the Heracleidae or Heraclids (the numerous descendants of Heracles, especially the descendants of Hyllus—other Heracleidae included Macaria, Lamos, Manto, Bianor, Tlepolemus, and Telephus). Plato created his own allegorical myths (such as the vision of Er in the Republic), attacked the traditional tales of the gods' tricks, thefts, and adulteries as immoral, and objected to their central role in literature. Along the way, we’ll examine questions of heroism, relationships between gods and mortals, family dynamics, and the Homeric values of hospitality and resourcefulness. Left-to-right, top-to-bottom: the birth of, Comparative and psychoanalytic approaches, Cuthbertson (1975) selects a wider range of epic, from. Découvrez sur Babelio.com livres et les auteurs sur le thème mythologie grecque. More questions? [8]:7 Hesiod, a possible contemporary with Homer, offers in his Theogony (Origin of the Gods) the fullest account of the earliest Greek myths, dealing with the creation of the world; the origin of the gods, Titans, and Giants; as well as elaborate genealogies, folktales, and etiological myths. Thoroughly enjoyable and instructive introduction to a different world and our historical and present interpretation of its meanings and mysteries. Apply for it by clicking on the Financial Aid link beneath the "Enroll" button on the left. Through the dissolution of Pentheus, we see the terrible consequences that can occur when a god’s divinity is not properly acknowledged. In Homer's works, such as the Iliad, the chief stories have already taken shape and substance, and individual themes were elaborated later, especially in Greek drama. Sun, earth, heaven, rivers, and winds could be addressed in prayers and called to witness oaths. After they ceased to become religious beliefs, few would have known the rites and rituals. How ancient myths and rituals interact teaches us a lot about both of these powerful cultural forms. À 23 ans, le Boulageois Rémy Roth publie son troisième ouvrage. "The Psychoanalytic Interpretation of Greek Myth" in, Segal, Robert A. P. 58 in, Dunlop, John. Eventually, these vague spirits assumed human forms and entered the local mythology as gods. Readings: Homeric Hymn to Apollo; Homeric Hymn to Demeter (there are two hymns to each that survive, only the LONGER Hymn to Apollo and the LONGER Hymn to Demeter are required for the course).

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